Prison Island Zanzibar: The Complete History, Wildlife, and Travel Guide

Zanzibar is a dream destination for travelers worldwide, but beyond the pristine white sands of Nungwi and the spice markets of Stone Town lies a tiny, mysterious island with a massive story. Known globally as Prison Island, but locally as Changuu Island, this site is a must-visit for anyone traveling to Tanzania. Whether you are seeking historical insight, a chance to interact with rare wildlife, or simply the perfect photo opportunity, this guide will walk you through everything you need to know.

The Story Behind the Names: Changuu, Prison, and Quarantine

It is rare for one place to have three distinct identities, but Changuu Island is truly unique. Understanding these names is the key to appreciating its history.

1. Why Changuu Island?
The name “Changuu” is rooted in the rich Swahili heritage of the archipelago. It is named after a specific species of fish, the Changu (Snapper fish), which is famously abundant in the vibrant coral reefs surrounding the island. For generations, local fishermen from Stone Town viewed these waters as their most reliable hunting ground.

2. The Prison Island Myth
In 1893, the First Minister of Zanzibar, Lloyd Mathews, commissioned the construction of a prison on the island to house unruly criminals. While the buildings were constructed and the infrastructure was finished, the island never actually served as a prison. It is one of the most interesting historical ironies in Zanzibar.

3. The Quarantine Legacy
The island’s most critical historical role was that of a Quarantine Station. During the height of international trade in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, authorities used the island to isolate arrivals showing symptoms of infectious diseases. It functioned as a vital public health sanctuary, saving countless lives by preventing epidemics from entering Stone Town.

What to Expect on Your Prison Island Tour

Today, the island is a tranquil eco-park and a major highlight of any Zanzibar holiday. When you step onto the island, here is what you will encounter:

• Giant Aldabra Tortoises: These tortoises were gifted to Zanzibar by the British Governor of Seychelles in 1919. Some are over 150 years old and weigh over 200 kilograms.
• Peacocks (🦚): Beautiful, free-roaming peacocks strut through the island’s lush gardens.
• Historical Ruins: Walk through the remains of the original quarantine buildings—a perfect spot for history enthusiasts.
• Crystal Clear Waters: The reef surrounding the island is ideal for a quick snorkeling session.

Important Travel FAQs & Fees

Latest Entrance Fees:

• Prison Island Entry Fee: $15 USD per person.
• Menai Bay Conservation Fee: $10 USD per person.

Can I go swimming? Yes! However, please manage your time carefully. Because this is a high-demand location, boat captains have strict schedules. They cannot wait for more than an hour. Plan your time between the tortoises and the beach to avoid missing your return trip.